Successive failed rainy seasons leading to extreme drought. Rising inter-communal conflict over dwindling water and pasture resources. Traditional water trucking was too expensive and unsustainable for the duration of the crisis.

Static water points were causing overgrazing and environmental degradation around boreholes. Community-led migration routes (traditional knowledge) were more effective than agency-mapped routes but weren't officially supported by local government policy.

The project moved away from temporary water trucking to Solarized Borehole Infrastructure with managed grazing zones. We also integrated a "Conflict Mediation" component into the water committee training to handle resource sharing between tribes.

1. Transition from emergency relief to long-term climate-resilient infrastructure.
2. Formally recognize and integrate indigenous pastoralist knowledge into Early Warning Systems.
3. Use solar power to reduce operational costs of water points.